Clinical Evidence

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of renal insufficiency on hypoglycemia rates in patients treated for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) utilizing a computerized insulin dosing algorithm.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different blood glucose (BG) target ranges for IV insulin infusions on inpatient glucose metrics, specifically focusing on hypo and hyperglycemic events, duration of IV insulin therapy, and length of stay (LOS) in the hospital.

Investigating the impact of implementing EndoTool® IV (ETIV), a computerized insulin dosing algorithm, in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) across a 7-hospital system in Central Pennsylvania.

UPMC Central Pennsylvania performed a three-month comparison before and after the implementation of EndoTool® IV insulin dosing software at one hospital. The analysis focused on patients treated for hyperglycemic and Diabetic Ketoacidosis, excluding COVID patients due to their smaller representation in the patient population after EndoTool® IV implementation.

This study examines clinical outcomes following the implementation of a computerized glucose management system (EndoTool) in two intensive care units that treat the majority of DKA admissions at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

This retrospective study evaluates the safety and efficacy of EndoTool® software for tight glucose control in the ICU.

This multidisciplinary clinical improvement initiative compares patient outcomes before and after implementation of nurse-driven standardized intravenous insulin protocol in the ICU, supported by a dose calculator software application (EndoTool).

This retrospective study evaluates use of EndoTool® to achieve tight glucose control for critical care patients receiving intravenous insulin and constant nutrition.

This retrospective case study examines clinical outcomes following implementation of a computerized glucose management system (EndoTool) in the intensive care unit.

This retrospective quality improvement study examines the glycemic outcomes of pediatric and adult patients treated in surgical, medical and cardiovascular intensive care units as well as the emergency department over a three-year period following the transition from a paper-based insulin infusion protocol to a computer-based insulin infusion protocol (EndoTool).

This retrospective observational study evaluates the impact of using a computer-guided glucose management system (EndoTool) for patients admitted to intensive care and intermediate units, with an analysis of data from a period of seven years, 16,850 visits and 492,078 blood glucose readings.

This expository study features a NSQIP surgical quality improvement project involving the implementation of multiple best practices over a five-year period, including computerized decision support (EndoTool) for post-operative blood glucose management.

This study compares glycemic outcomes before and after implementation of glycemic control software (EndoTool) for patients receiving intravenous insulin, all of whom were previously treated using a paper algorithm.

This surgical care improvement project examines the correlation between utilization of a computer-guided glucose management system (EndoTool) and outcomes of national quality initiatives.

This retrospective study compares the safety of EndoTool glucose management software to a standard fixed-dose insulin infusion protocol for patients presenting to an emergency department with DKA or HHS.

This retrospective study compares the safety and effectiveness of an electronic glucose monitoring system (EndoTool) versus paper-based protocols for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) treated with intraveous insulin in the emergency department or an intensive care unit.

This observational study compares the safety and efficacy of replacing a paper-based protocol with a computer-guided glucose management system (EndoTool) for the treatment of post-operative hyperglycemia in a cardiovascular intensive care unit.

This retrospective study compares the safety and efficacy of two-hour blood glucose checks (q2hour) to one-hour blood glucose checks (q1hour) with use of an electronic glucose management system (EndoTool) for intravenous insulin dosing.

This case study examines the impact of using a computer-guided glucose management software system (EndoTool) for post-cardiac arrest patients undergoing induced hypothermia, a therapy with known risks of decreased insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.

This study compares glycemic outcomes with a traditional paper protocol to a computerized glucose management system (EndoTool) for patients receiving intravenous insulin.

This retrospective study compares SCIP-Inf-4 compliance with use of EndoTool solely for post-operative glucose management to SCIP-Inf-4 compliance with use of EndoTool for both intra- and post-operative glucose management.

This retrospective, quantitative study examines 10 years of data to determine if and how the timing of blood glucose checks impacts incidence of hypoglycemia during intravenous insulin therapy (managed with EndoTool).

This prospective study compares glycemic outcomes before and after implementation of a computer decision support system (EndoTool) for patients receiving intravenous insulin, all of whom were previously treated using a paper algorithm.

This matched, retrospective cohort study compares continuous infusion hydrocortisone therapy to bolus dose hydrocortisone therapy for critically ill patients with septic shock, and specifically examines glycemic control outcomes (intravenous insulin managed with EndoTool).

This prospective study compares post-operative glycemic control for cardiac surgery patients before and after implementation of a software-based tool for insulin dosing (EndoTool).

This retrospective study examines the effect of goal range on incidence of hypoglycemia in patients receiving intravenous insulin therapy (managed with EndoTool).

This study examines glycemic control challenges in a burn patient population, effects of glycemic variability on outcomes, and benefits of a computerized decision support system (EndoTool) over a traditional paper protocol for the management of intensive insulin therapy.

This quality improvement initiative compares various glycemic control metrics before and after implementation of a computerized glucose management software system (EndoTool) in critical care, intensive care and step-down units as well as a progressive care unit.

This retrospective review compares exogenous insulin requirements before and after sitagliptin initiation as well as time to liberation from intravenous insulin infusion (managed with EndoTool) for patients admitted to a burn intensive care unit.

This retrospective review compares glycemic control with EndoTool to a traditional insulin infusion protocol for critically-ill patients.

This retrospective review examines the safety and effectiveness of a computerized glucose management system (EndoTool) for critically ill diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states (HHS) patients.

This retrospective review examines effects of the specialized EndoTool EREI (estimated residual extracellular insulin) adjustment feature on glycemic control of patients receiving intravenous insulin.

This retrospective randomized study compares glycemic control and related outcomes before and after implementation of a glucose management software system (EndoTool) in several intensive care and progressive care units as well as the emergency department, all of which previously used a standard paper protocol.

This prospective study evaluates the impact of implementing a computerized decision support system (EndoTool) for the management of blood glucose in critically ill surgical patients, specifically, patients treated in surgical, neurotrauma, thoracic and cardiac surgical intensive care units as well as a cardiac surgical progressive care unit.

This prospective randomized controlled trial compares glycemic control and nursing satisfaction with a computerized insulin dosing system (EndoTool) to a paper protocol in a cardiovascular surgical intensive care unit.

This prospective randomized controlled crossover study compares use of a paper-based intravenous insulin protocol to a computer-based intravenous insulin protocol (EndoTool) for patients in a burn intensive care unit.

This retrospective cohort study compares use of paper-based insulin protocols to a computer-based insulin protocol (EndoTool) for intensive care unit patients.

This retrospective analysis compares safety and efficacy of a standard paper protocol to a computer-based glucose management system (EndoTool) for patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

This clinical study measures satisfaction with two decision support systems among staff in a burn intensive care unit: a commercial glycemic management system (EndoTool) and a home-grown system used to guide initial burn fluid resuscitation.

This retrospective analysis compares incidence of hypoglycemia with and without use of the specialized EndoTool EREI (estimated residual extracellular insulin) adjustment feature.

This retrospective observational study compares glycemic control in the cardiac surgery intensive care unit before and after implementation of an electronic glucose management software system (EndoTool), i.e., versus a paper protocol.

This prospective, randomized trial compares use of a paper protocol to a computer-guided glucose management system (EndoTool) for cardiac surgery patients receiving intravenous insulin.

This retrospective case study compares glycemic outcomes for labor and delivery patients before and after implementation of EndoTool (i.e., versus a paper protocol).